Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

List of Excursuses -- Editor's Preface -- Editor's Preface to the First Edition -- Author's Preface -- Author's Preface to the First Edition -- Abbreviations -- Bibliography -- Introduction -- I. General circumstances -- A. Paul -- B. The Christian Community in Rome -- II. Integrity, literary history, and text -- III. Audience -- IV. Nature and genre -- V. Purpose -- A. Focusing on Paul's Circumstances -- 1. Spain -- 2. Corinth/Galatia -- 3. Jerusalem -- B. Focusing on Problems in Rome -- VI. Theme -- A. The Theological Starting Point -- B. The Conceptual Framework -- C. The Theme -- VII. Text and translation -- A. Papyri -- B. Uncials -- C. Minuscules -- VIII. Structure -- IX. Analysis of Romans -- text and commentary -- I. The letter opening (1:1-17) -- A. Prescript (1:1-17) -- B. Thanksgiving and Occasion: Paul and the Romans (1:8-15) -- C. The Theme of the Letter (1:16-17) -- II. The heart of the gospel: Justification by faith (1:18-4:25) -- A. The Universal Reign of Sin (1:18-3:20) -- 1. All Persons Are Accountable to God for Sin (1:18-32) -- 2. Jews Are Accountable to God for Sin (2:1-3:8) -- a. The Jews and the Judgment of God (2:1-16) -- i. Critique of Jewish Presumption (2:1-5) -- ii. The Impartiality of Judgment (2:6-11) -- iii. Judgment and the Law (2:12-16) -- b. The Limitations of the Covenant (2:17-29) -- i. The Law (2:17 -24) -- ii. Circumcision (2:25-29) --c. God's Faithfulness and the Judgment of Jews (3:1-8) -- 3. The Guilt of All Humanity (3:9-20) -- B. Justification by Faith (3:21-4:25) -- 1. Justification and the righteousness of God (3:21-26) -- 2. "By Faith Alone" (3:27-4:25) -- a. "By Faith Alone": Initial Statement (3:27-31) -- b. "By Faith Alone": Elaboration with Respect to Abraham (4:1-25) -- i. Faith and Works (4:1-8) -- ii. Faith and Circumcision (4:9-12) -- iii. Faith, Promise, and the Law (4:13-22) -- iv. The Faith of Abraham and the Faith of the Christian (4:23-25) -- III. The assurance provided by the gospel: the hope of salvation (5:1-8:39) -- A. The Hope of Glory (5:1-8:39) -- 1. From Justification to Salvation (5:1-21) -- 2. The Reign of Grace and Life (5:12-21) -- B. Freedom from Bondage to Sin (6:1-23) -- 1. "Dead to Sin" Through Union with Christ (6:1-14) -- 2. Freed from Sin's Power to Serve Righteousness (6:15-23) -- C. Freedom from Bondage to the Law (7:1-25) -- 1. Released from the Law, Joined to Christ (7:1-6) -- 2. The History and Experience of Israel under the Law (7:7-25) -- a. The Coming of the Law (7:7-12) -- b. Life under the Law (7:13-25) -- D. Assurance of Eternal Life in the Spirit (8:1-30) -- 1. the Spirit of Life (8:1-13) -- 2. The Spirit of Adoption (8:14-17) -- 3. The Spirit of Glory (8:18-30) -- E. The Believer's Security Celebrated (8:31-39) -- IV: The defense of the gospel: the problem of Israel (9:1-11:36) -- A. Introduction: The Tension between God's Promises and Israel's Plight (9:1-5) -- B. Defining the Promise (1): God's Sovereign Election (9:6-29) -- 1. The Israel within Israel (9:6-13) -- 2. Objections Answered: The Freedom and Purpose of God (9:14-23) -- 3. God's Calling of a New People: Israel and the Gentiles (9:24-29) -- C. Understanding Israel's Plight: Christ as the Climax of Salvation History (9:30-10:21) -- 1. Israel, the Gentiles, and the Righteousness of God (9:30-10:13) -- a. The Righteousness of God and the "Law of Righteousness" (9:30-33) --b. The Righteousness of God and "Their Own Righteousness" (10:1-4) -- c. Gospel and Law -- 2. Israel's Accountability (10:14-21) -- D. Transitional Summary: Israel, the "Elect," and the "Hardened" (11:1-10) -- E. Defining the Promise (2): The Future of Israel (11:11-32) -- 1. God's Purpose in Israel's Rejection (11:11-15) -- 2. The Interrelationship of Jews and Gentiles: A Warning to Gentile Believers (11:16-24) -- 3. The Salvation of "All Israel" -- F. Conclusion: Praise to God in Light of His Awesone Plan (11:33-36) -- V. The transforming power of the gospel: Christian conduct (12:1-15:13) -- A. The Heart of the Matter: Total Transformation (12:1-2) -- B. Humility and Mutual Service (12:3-8) -- C. Love and Its Manifestations (12:9-21) -- D. The Christian and Secular Rulers (13:1-7) -- E. Love and the Law (13:8-10) -- F. Living in Light of the Day (13:11-14) -- G. Aplea for Unity (14:1-12) -- 1. Serving the Same Lord (14:1-12) -- 2. Giving Priority to Kingdom Values (14:13-23) -- 3. Following Christ's Example of Other Regard (15:1-6) -- 4. God's Design of United Praise (15:7-13) -- VI. The letter closing (15:14-16:27) -- A. Paul's Ministry and Travel Plans (15:14-33) -- 1. Looking Back: Paul's Ministry in the East (15:14-21) -- 2. Looking Ahead: Jerusalem, Rome, and Spain (15:22-29) -- 3. A Request for Prayer ( 15:30-33) -- B. Greetings (16:1-23) -- 1. Commendation of Phoebe (16:1-2) -- 2. Greetings to Roman Christians (16:3-16) -- 3. A Warning, A Promise, and a Prayer for Grace (16:17-20) -- 4. Greetings from Paul's Companions (16:21-23) -- Index of subjects -- Index of Authors -- Index of Scripture and Other Ancient Texts.